Ground source （Geothermal） heat pump

1. Buried ground source heat pump

 

Horizontal ground source heat pump

• It exchanges cold and heat with the soil through a closed heat exchange system buried 2-4M below the surface. This system is suitable for buildings with small cooling and heating areas such as villas and small single buildings. The initial investment and construction of the system are less difficult, but the area is large

 

Vertical ground source heat pump

• Through vertical drilling, the closed heat exchange system is embedded in the rock and soil at a depth of 50M to 400M to exchange cold and heat with the soil. This system is suitable for buildings with a large cooling and heating area and a certain open space around them, such as villas and office buildings. The initial investment of the system is high, the construction is difficult, but the area is small.

 

2. Surface water ground source heat pump

• The ground source heat pump unit exchanges cold and heat with rivers, lakes, seawater, etc. through a closed heat exchange system arranged at the bottom of the water. This type of system is suitable for small and medium-sized buildings in hot and cold areas and near water areas. It utilizes the stable temperature and significant heat dissipation of pool or lake water, eliminating the need for drilling and trenching, and with minimal initial investment. but requires a deeper and larger river or body of water around the building

 

3. Ground source heat pump

• The ground source heat pump unit exchanges cold and heat with the deep groundwater pumped out by the water pump through the closed circulation system in the unit through the heat exchanger. Groundwater is pumped back or injected into the groundwater layer by means of a pressurized pump. The system is suitable for large single buildings and small building communities with large building area and limited surrounding open space.

 

4: Hybrid system

• A system that uses a combination of ground sources and cooling towers or heating boilers as cold and heat sources. Hybrid systems are very similar to decentralized systems with the addition of a cooling tower or boiler to the cold and heat source system.
• Refrigeration principle
• In the cooling state, the compressor in the ground source heat pump unit performs work on the refrigerant to make it undergo a vapor-liquid conversion cycle. Through the evaporation of the refrigerant in the refrigerant/air heat exchanger, the heat carried by the indoor air circulation is absorbed into the refrigerant. While the refrigerant is circulating, the refrigerant in the refrigerant/water heat exchanger is condensed, and the water carried by the refrigerant is condensed. It is circulated by the water circuit. Heat is absorbed and eventually transferred to groundwater or soil through the water cycle. The room is cooled with cold air below 13°C through the refrigerant-air heat exchanger during the continuous transfer of heat from the room to the floor
• Heating principle
• In the heating state, the compressor in the ground source heat pump unit performs work on the refrigerant, and reverses the flow direction of the refrigerant through the four-way valve. The heat in the groundwater or soil is absorbed by the groundwater cycle, the heat in the water cycle is absorbed into the refrigerant by the evaporation of the refrigerant in the refrigerant/water heat exchanger, and then the heat is transferred through the refrigerant/air exchange during the refrigerant cycle device. During the condensation process of the refrigerant, the heat carried by the refrigerant is absorbed by the air circulation. The ground source heat pump continuously transfers the heat from the underground to the room, and heats the room in the form of hot air above 35°C.

  

Renewability

• A ground source heat pump is a heating, cooling and air conditioning system that utilizes solar energy stored in the soil as a cold and heat source for energy conversion. Ground source heat pumps use a technology that uses clean and renewable energy. The surface soil and water body is a huge solar collector, which collects 47% of the solar radiation energy, which is more than 500 times the annual human use (the groundwater body receives solar radiation energy indirectly through the soil); it is also a huge dynamic energy In a balanced system, the soil and water bodies on the surface naturally maintain a relative balance of energy reception and emission. The success of ground source heat pump technology has made it a reality to utilize the nearly unlimited solar or ground energy stored in it. If used in winter and summer, the stability of the ground source heat pump system is higher (the deeper the soil, the lower the gas content in the middle, the less affected by the ground temperature), and the theoretical renewable energy can be achieved.

  

Energy efficient

• The ground source heat pump unit utilizes the soil or water temperature of 12-22 ℃ in winter, which is higher than the ambient air temperature, which increases the evaporation temperature of the heat pump cycle and also improves the energy efficiency ratio; the soil or water temperature in summer is 18-32 ℃, which is higher than the ambient air temperature. The temperature is low, reducing the condensation temperature of the refrigeration system, so that the cooling effect is better than the air-cooled and cooling tower. Heat or cooling over 5KW
• Compared with boiler (electricity, fuel) heating system, boiler heating can only use more than 90% of electric energy or 70-90% of fuel internal energy as heat for users to use. Therefore, ground source heat pumps are more economical than electric boiler heating. Oil-fired boilers use about one-half of the energy to save more than two-thirds of electricity; because the heat source temperature of the ground source heat pump is relatively stable throughout the year, generally at 10~25℃, its cooling and heating coefficient can reach 3.5~4.4, which is higher than that of traditional air. The source heat pump is about 40% higher, and its operating cost is 50 to 60% of the ordinary central air conditioner. Therefore, in the past ten years, ground source heat pump air conditioning systems have achieved rapid development in North America such as the United States and Canada, and central and northern Europe such as Switzerland and Sweden, and the ground source heat pump market in China has become increasingly active. Technology will be the most efficient heating and cooling air conditioning technology in the 21st century

  

Significant environmental and economic benefits

• Ground source heat pump units do not consume or pollute water during operation, do not need boilers, do not need cooling towers, and do not need sites for stacking fuel waste, and the environmental protection benefits are significant. Compared with air source heat pump, the power consumption of ground source heat pump unit can be reduced by more than 40%; compared with electric heating, it can be reduced by more than 70%. 75% increase in boiler efficiency

  

One machine is multi-purpose, widely used

• Ground source heat pump systems can provide heating, air conditioning and cooling, as well as domestic hot water. One machine can be used for many purposes. One system can replace the original two or two sets of boilers and air conditioners, especially suitable for equipment that requires heating and cooling at the same time. put up. Ground source heat pumps have obvious advantages. Not only saves a lot of energy, but also a set of equipment can meet the requirements of heating, cooling and domestic water supply at the same time, reducing the initial investment of equipment. Ground source heat pumps can be used in hotels, residential quarters, apartments, factories, shopping malls, office buildings, schools and other buildings, and small ground source heat pumps are more suitable for heating and air conditioning in villas.

 

Low maintenance and unattended

• Compared to traditional systems, ground source heat pump systems have fewer moving parts, reducing maintenance efforts. The system is either buried in the ground or installed indoors, protected from wind and rain. The unit is compact, space-saving and also protected from damage. It is more reliable and lasts longer. .High degree of automation control, unattended, remote management, no need to hire someone to take care of it.

  

Little pollution

• Compared with the air source heat pump, the pollutant emission of the ground source heat pump is reduced by more than 38%, which is equivalent to a reduction of more than 70% compared with the electric heating. Realize energy saving and emission reduction.

 

Maintain ecological balance

• The ground source heat pump discharges indoor heat into the ground in summer, and extracts the underground heat for indoor use in winter. Relatively speaking, it emits less energy to the environment and maintains the balance of the ecological environment.

 

Longevity

• The underground buried pipes of the ground source heat pump are made of polyethylene and polypropylene plastic pipes, and the service life can reach 50 years, which is 35 years longer than ordinary air conditioners.

 

Simple maintenance

• Ground source heat pump systems have fewer moving parts than conventional systems, so maintenance is reduced, the system is installed indoors, protected from wind and rain, and is also protected from damage, more reliable, and has a longer lifespan

 

Save space

• There are no cooling towers, boiler rooms and other equipment, which saves the precious area occupied by the boiler room, which is a cooling tower, generates additional economic benefits, and improves the external image of the environment.
• The energy of the ground source heat pump system comes from natural energy. It does not discharge any waste gas, waste water and waste residue to the outside world, which is an ideal "green air conditioner". Considered the most environmentally friendly and efficient heating and cooling system. The system can be used in cold and tropical regions. Can be widely used in office buildings, hotels, schools, dormitories, hospitals, restaurants, shopping malls, villas, residential and other fields.

   

• The application mode of ground source heat pump can be divided into two categories: household and commercial from the application of building objects, and can be divided into centralized system, decentralized system and hybrid system from the mode of cold and heat transportation

 

Home system

• Users use their own heat pump, ground source and waterway or air duct delivery system for cold and heat supply, mostly used for residential air conditioners such as small houses and villas.

Centralized system

• The heat pump is arranged in the machine room, and the cold and heat are concentrated to each room through the air duct or the water distribution system.

Decentralized system

• The central water pump delivers water as a cold and heat source to each user through the water cycle, and the user individually uses his own heat pump unit to adjust the air. Generally used in office buildings, schools, commercial buildings, etc., this system can fully reflect the cold and heat of the user's electricity consumption, which is convenient for measurement and suitable for independent heat measurement needs.